Lading tie anchoring means and application



M. S. JOHNSON LADING TIE ANCHORING MEANS AND APPLICATION Nov. 24, 1953 4Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 7, 1951 INVENTOR. JVaZcoZzzz 5 tfofizzs'azz BYQ dif

Nov. 24, 1953 M. s. JOHNSON 2,660,130

' LADING TIE ANCHORING MEANS AND APPLICATION Filed Dec. 7, 1951 4Sheets-Sheet 2 i/a lcaZm B I N 1953 M. s. JOHNSON LADING TIE ANCHORINGMEANS AND APPLICATION 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 7, 1951 IN V EN TOR.flfcz [calm 6. (155228022 1953 M. s. JOHNSON 2,660,130

LADING TIE ANCHORING MEANS AND APPLICATION Filed Dec. 7, 1951 4Sheets-Sheet 4 IN VENTOR.

Patented Nov. 24, 1953 UNITED STAT ATENT OFFICE LADING TIE ANCHORINGMEANS AND APPLICATION Application December '7, 1951, Serial No. 260,430

3 Claims.

My invention relates to means for readily anchoring the lading-holdingties in railroad house or box cars whereby undesirable shifting of thelading during transit is prevented; the anchoring means being such thatit forms a fixed or permanent part of the car inner wall, thuspermitting repeated usebut when not in use will not interfere with theshipment of nor cause injury to other commodities.

The object of the invention is to provide means that will eliminate theuse of cleats and nailing of the tie elements to the car lining whichresults in car lining injury and destruction when the fastoning meansare removed to release the commodity.

The anchor is also designed to reduce the cost of application to the carwall or lining as compared with present types of anchoring means and toalso provide increased strength to the car side lining and anchor initssecurement to the car, as well as to reduce manufacturing cost.

The aforementioned objects and advantages of my improved anchoringmeans, as well as other advantages inherent in the invention will all bereadily comprehended from the detailed description of theexemplification shown in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective View of the base memher or retainer plate ofmy improved anchoring means.

Figure 1A is a perspective view of an intermediate portion of the baseor retainer plate shown in Figure 1, dislosing a modification.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the outer or face plate, with aportion broken away and in section.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a portion or one board of the carlining or inner sheathing cut-out or arranged to receive my improvedanchor and disclosing a portion of the steel member of the carsuper-structure.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the base or retainer member ofFigure 1 arranged between the upright post of the car superstructure andthe cut-out, as shown in Figure 3, of the lining board.

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing a portion of the adjacentmatching lining board in place and the retainer member or base plate ofmy im proved anchor secured to the structural member of the car.

Figure 6, a perspective view, shows the outer or face plate of Figure 2in place and secured to the base plate or retainer member disclosed inFigure 5 and a portion of a tie strap shown in dotted lines.

Figure 7 is a sectional view taken substantially at the vertical centerline of the assembled anchor shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on the hori zontal center line of theanchor shown in Figure 6.

The exemplification of my improved anchor, as shown in the drawings, isof oblong shape and is imbedded or set into the car lining whichgenerally consists of tongue-and-grooved boards 29, 20a extendinglengthwise of the car. The lining boards preferably before application,at their longitudinal tongue-and-groove edges, are provided at the millswith oblong cut-outs extending lengthwise of the boards and atpreselected places coincident with the metal uprights or posts of thecar superstructure, as shown at 2! in Figure 3; one-half of the cut-outsbeing made in the tongued lining boards 20, while the other half of thecut-out is made at the grooved edge of the board 20a.

The perimeters of the cut-outs are preferably gained or shouldered toprovide an intermediate shoulder as at 22; the gains being of sufficientdepth to receive the steel base or retainer plate 23, intermediate thestructural car post 2| and the body of the lining boards 2%, ita; whilethe gains at the forward or outer face of the lining boards is adaptedto receive the face plate it (see Figures 4, 5 and 6).

The base member or retainer plate 23, preferably of pressed steel, isshown provided with a suitable number of predeterminedly located holes25 (adapted to register with the steel post 2! of the car frame),adjacent the vertical and horizontal median lines of the plate; and theplate, preferably before application, at its horizontal median line andon opposite sides of the vertical median line is provided with thethreaded studs 26 preferably machine welded to the plate 23. The plate23 is shown as preferably provided with a suitable embossed rigidifyingand guiding rib as at 21, arranged intermediate the upper and lower setof holes 25, and the studs 26, see Figure 4.

The inner or car side of the anchoring means consists of the face plate2d which is a one-piece element which preferably may be a casting. Byreason of itsdesign it may be a casting made in green sand, eliminatingthe use of dry sand cores, thereby reducing the cost of manufacture. Thecasting, similar to the retainer plate, is of oblong shape with itsmajor axis extending through the stud-receiving holes 28; and the faceplate 2 3, surrounding the stud-receiving holes 28 is recessed toreceive and permit manipulation of the nuts 29, 29 whereby the faceplate 24 is clamped to the retainer member or plate 23.

The face plate 24, intermediate the minor or vertical axis and therecessed stud-receiving holes 2 8, is provided with recesses and theinclining surfaces 30, which terminate in openings 3| through to theopposite side of the plate on opposite sides of the vertically extendingfastening strap or element-holding bar 32 which is arranged flush withthe body of the plate, and preferably provided with somewhat rounded orband non-cutting edges as shown in Figure 2. With the openings 3!extending entirely through to the retainer plate, a strap or tieelement-receiving channel between the plates is provided whose ends ofingress and/or egress are formed by the sloping or inwardly slantingsurfaces 3G, 38.

The rear side of the face plate, integral with the declining surfaces38, 30 and above and below the openings 3!, and integral with the endsat the rear of the bar 32, is provided with the longitudinally extendingribs 33, 33 which are adapted to extend flush with the retainer plate ormember 23, above and below the weld openings 25. These ribs not onlystrengthen the face plate 26, but also seal the cavity intermediate theretainer plate and the face plateagainst the ingress or sifting of grainor other granular commodity with which the car may at times be loaded.In other words, these ribs seal the car interior against ingress orcommunication from the car exterior.

The face plate 24 at the stud-receiving holes 28 is preferably providedwith boss-like portions at 28a. which may spread or flow into theinclining surfaces 35 and thereby increase the strength of the plate.

The holes 25 in the retainer plate 23 are adapted to receive studs formachine plug welding of the plate to the car steel superstructure orpost 2 l, as indicated at 25a in Figure 4; or the plate 23 instead ofthe holes 25 may be provided with slots as at 25b (see Figure 1A) whenit is to be secured to the steel post by hand electric are welding.

In order to r duce cost of application, the wood lining cut-outs andgains previously mentioned and shown in Figures 3 to 8 preferably aremade at the mill; namely with the gains made on both sides of the liningboards and circumscribing the cut-out opening in the boards at theirmatching edges; with the gains of prescribed depth commensurate with themore or less standard thickness of the boards and hence of a depth lessthan the transverse dimensions of the usual tongue-and-grooves of theboards, but of depth suiiicient to receive the retainer and face platesto permit them to lie flush with the opposite sides of the boards.

With the cut-outs extending lengthwise of the boards, a major portion ofthe boards is left intact and with the oblong plates in place extendinginto the gains or onto the shoulders beyond the main cut-out, the liningboards are greatly reenforced and the lining provided with a firmbacking and support for the faceplate. By gaining both sides of theboard as shown and described, the inner perimeter of the cut-out isprovided interiorly with a comparatively thick circumscribing tongue 3%(see Figures 3 and 4) commensurate with the walls of the slopingsurfaces 38, 3t and ribs 33, thus enabling a firm clamping condition ofthe adjacent portions of the lhoing boards between the retainer plateand the face plate.

The rib 2?, with its radiating portions, not only provides addedstrength, but also guides and maintains the inserted end of the ladingtie.-

i strap or element above and out of contact with the slight upheaval ofmetal at the welds 35 (see Figure 5); while the sloping walls 38 andside walls about the openings 3| in the face plate 24 will guide theretaining or tie element (shown in dotted lines in Figure 6) about thetie bar 32.

The cut-outs and gains in the preselected boards and at predeterminedlocations preferably are accomplished, through the use of a propertemplate, at the mills which tends toward reduction in cost ofapplication, while the construction of my tie fastening means, per so,not only increases the strength of the car lining, but also simplifiesits application and provides a rigid fastening means integrally unitedwith the car metal superstructure, which prevents the possibility ofgrain or other foreign substance sifting into or rearward of the carlining, while at the same time enabling the removal and replacement ofthe lining, when occasion requires, to be readily made withoutdislocating or disturbing the rigidly fastened base or retainer plate.

My invention is designed to overcome the difficulties and shortcomingsof methods at present in use wherein the ends of the steel bandsemployed for fastening the lading or crates to the card side walls orlining boards are secured to the car lining by means of a plate or cleatnailed to the lining with the steel band bent or wrapped around. thecleat. Due to the severe shocks encountered during transit, these bandsor the cleats frequently tear loose, allowing the load to shift and tobecome damaged. Then, too, in order to remove the cleats or plate withattached portions of the tie bands for a subsequent loading of the car,the removal of the cleats and portions of attached bands is accomplishedby the use of a crowbar or tool of similar nature, which results inmaceration or damage of the car lining making it unsuitable forsubsequent nailing or fastening of the tie elements or bands duringreloading of the car. Such damage to the lining necessitates costlyreplacements of the lining, as splintered or broken lining causes costlylading damage claims.

Various methods to overcome these difi'lculties have been proposed, suchas the permanent fastening of the anchor to the steel uprights of thecar and then hand fitting the wood lining about the previously installedanchor-or by routing recesses in the existing side lining-but bothmethods involve considerable time and labor and hence considerableexpense. Then tool, most of these methods or designs result in thelining boards being practically or entirely out in two, therebyweakening the lining and making the lining boards susceptible todeflection and breakage by surging grain, whether in bull; or bag.

To overcom these diiiiculties and objections, I have devised the more orless simple anchor and method of application, which permits use ofeither bands or wires for firmly anchoring the lading in place againstthe severe car end shocks encountered in transit. In order to eliminatethe excessive labor cost entailed by hand fitting the wood lining aroundthe previously installed anchors or by routing recesses in thepreviously installed lining, the preselected lining boards are preparedat the wood mill. The cost of labor today causes certain devices to beprohibitive.

By preparing the lining at the wood mill before installation through theuse of a proper template, a considerable reduction in expense isaccomplished andless than fifty percent of the meeting edges of adjacentor matching lining boards is removed and a continuous tongue-likeportion of the adjacent boards left intact which is adapted to fitbetween the marginal portions of the base plate and face plate andthereby firmly clamped therebetween, with the result that the car liningat the points 0.? anchor location is reenforced by the metallic anchor,both oi whose plates into the gained outer perimeters of the oblongslots or cut-outs when the two plates are firmly clamped together byscrewing up the nuts on the threaded studs thereby clamping the uncutportions adjacent the cut-outs therebetween.

In view of possible variations in board thickness, the tongue-and groovelining board while at the wood mill are first matched and then by use ofa suitable template are cut or slotted as previously stated, withapproximately one-half of the cut-out in each board and gained toprovide the continuous tongue-lilre portion at circurn scribing theinner perimeter of the cut-out to receive the marginal portions of theplates, as shown in Figures i and 8, permitting the body of both plates,especially the outer or face plate, to lie flush with th faces of theboard. The cutouts in the boards, whether lining or floor boards, arearranged to register with the structural beams or posts of the carframe. The matching boards are then put into place with the base plateseated in the cut-out and intermediate the beams or posts which hold theplate loosely in place.

With th base plate unattached to the car post 2|, the lining boards maybe jacked into position either upwardly or. horizontally into snugrelation and with the ends fitting snugly against the car door post orcar framing; the base plate 23, being allowed to float with the boardsthe required degree.

After the boards (with the loose floating base plates) have been forcedinto snug relation as before described, the boards are nailed in placeand the base plates are then welded, or otherwise properly secured, tothe car frame posts or beams and the face plates applied and secured tothe studs or forward projections of the base plates. When the faceplates are securely fastened in place it is apparent that theiroverlapping relation with th tongue-like portions t l will firmly holdthe boards in place.

It is apparent that where the car framing consists of wood instead ofmetal, the anchor would be secured by means of suitable screws or boltsand that the anchors may be secured in similar manner in the car woodfloor.

This structure and method of arrangement herein described, overcomes theexcessive labor and time involved with a fixed and previously appliedretainer plate and enables the lining boards with the loosely heldanchor to be positioned and then welded or otherwise fixedly secured, tothe car frame posts, after the boards have been nailed in place. I

Although my improved anchor has been described in connection with thelining boards of a car where most of the anchoring is done, it isapparent that the anchor and same method of application would b employedin instances where the anchoring of lading to the car floor is desired,and while I have described what I believe to be the best embodiment ofthe invention and method of application, certain modifications arepossible and may be made without departing from the What I claim is:

l. A lading tie anchor comprising a substantially fiat metallic retainerplate provided with longitudinally spaced, intimately secured, forwardlypresented studs; means whereby the plate is intimately secured to themetal posts of a railroad car superstructure; a metallic face platematching and coextensive with the retainer plate and provided atopposite sides of its vertical median portion and spaced therefrom withpartially severed portion and the partially severed metal dishedrearwardly toward the retainer plate, the integral portion of the faceplate intermediate sai spaced apart rearwardly dished portionsconstituting a wide tie element holding bar, the face plate on its rearside and intermediate the dished portions and the perimeter of the platehaving retainer plate contacting surfaces for maintaining a spacedrelation between the plates and to enclose the tie element receivingcavity above and beneath said dished surfaces, and means whereby the twoplates are secured to gether.

2. A lading tie anchor for railroad house cars provided with innerlining boards and metal superstructural posts, the boards being providedat preselected places with cut-out openings gained to provide aperimetrical rib between opposite sides of the board said anchorcomprising a substantially fiat-surfaced metal base plate provided withprearranged openings registering with said structural posts to permitwelding the plate to said posts and providedwith forwardly disposedlongitudinaliy spaced studs; an outer face plate coextensive with saidfirst plate, provided with vertical slits spaced intermediate saidstuds, the metal approaching the slits from the ends of the plate beingdished rearwardly, said slits and dishings being spaced to provide a tieelement holding bar-like portion therebetween, the plate having openingsto receive said studs; circumscribing surfaces about said slits anddished surfaces between the plates to space the plates and provide a tieelement receiving cavity; and means cooperating with said studs wherebythe face plate is removably secured in plac and.

s the perimetrical ribs of the lining boards clamped between themarginal portions of the plates and the lining boards held againstoutward pressure.

3. A lading tie anchor for railroad house cars having an inner liningcomprising a metal retainer plate formed to permit intimate securementto the posts of the car and to be disposed to the rear of the carlining; a metal face plate coextensive with the retainer plate providedwith tie element receiving openings communicating with the space betweenthe two plates, said openings being spaced apart to provide a tieelement holding bar therebetween; means whereby the plates are heldspaced apart to provide a tie element receiving channel therebetween,said means being spaced from the perimeters of the plates to provid alining board receiving perimetrical groove about the anchor; and meanswhereby the face plate is secured to the retainer plate.

MALCOLM S. JOHNSON.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 2,028,574 Tobin Jan. 21, 1936 2,601,103 Dietrichson June 17,1952 2,605,719 Smith et al Aug. 5, 1952 2,605,721 Johnson et a1. Aug. 5,1952

